diff --git a/src/shell/switcher/window_switcher.cpp b/src/shell/switcher/window_switcher.cpp
--- a/src/shell/switcher/window_switcher.cpp
+++ b/src/shell/switcher/window_switcher.cpp
@@ -286,12 +286,19 @@ indexLiveToplevelsByWindowId(const CompositorPlatform& platform, std::unordered_
           continue;
         }
 
-        const auto mappedId = platform.compositorWindowIdForToplevelInfo(info);
-        if (!mappedId.has_value() || mappedId->empty()) {
-          continue;
+        std::string key;
+        if (const auto mappedId = platform.compositorWindowIdForToplevelInfo(info);
+            mappedId.has_value() && !mappedId->empty()) {
+          key = canonicalWindowId(*mappedId);
         }
-        const std::string key = canonicalWindowId(*mappedId);
+
+        // Generic wlroots compositors such as labwc do not provide a
+        // compositor-specific window ID. The wlr toplevel handle is stable
+        // for the lifetime of the window and is sufficient for switcher identity.
+        if (key.empty() && wlrHandle != 0) {
+          key = "toplevel:" + std::to_string(wlrHandle);
+        }
         if (key.empty()) {
           continue;
         }